🧪

📐 Molecular Geometry Predictor

Predict molecular geometry using VSEPR (Valence‑Shell Electron‑Pair Repulsion) theory. Adjust the number of bonding pairs and lone pairs to see how the molecular shape changes.

Electron Groups

4
16
0
04

Quick presets:

🔷

tetrahedral

4 electron groups · 4 bonding · 0 lone

Bond angle: 109.5°

Ideal angle: 109.5° (may be reduced by lone‑pair repulsion)

How VSEPR Theory Works

VSEPR theory predicts molecular geometry based on the idea that electron pairs (both bonding and non‑bonding) repel each other and arrange themselves to be as far apart as possible.

  • 1.Count the total number of electron groups around the central atom (bonds + lone pairs).
  • 2.Determine the electron‑pair geometry from the total number of groups.
  • 3.Determine the molecular geometry by considering only the bonding pairs.
  • 4.Lone pairs occupy more space and reduce bond angles (lone‑pair repulsion > bonding‑pair repulsion).

Example Molecules

CO₂2 bonds, 0 lone pairs → LinearH₂O2 bonds, 2 lone pairs → BentNH₃3 bonds, 1 lone pair → Trigonal pyramidal